To assess the scales’ validity, our research team ran a study using three pre-screened scales (PHQ-9, GAD-7, and EDE-QS), and asked participants to respond to several other scales for convergent and divergent validity:
- The Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Questionnaire (CES-D).
- The Zung Anxiety Self-Report (SAS).
- The Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R).
- The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System and Sleep Disturbance and Sleep Impairment short forms (PROMIS SD and PROMIS SRI).
- The Big Five Inventory (BFI)
The final sample consisted of 534 respondents at various points along the PHQ-9 scale (0-4, 5-9, etc.). The PHQ-9 was strongly positively correlated with the GAD-7, CES-D, SAS, SBQ-R, and PROMIS scales, as would be expected. On the other hand, there was no correlation between the PHQ-9 and Openness or GAD-7 and Openness, and moderate negative correlations between the PHQ-9 / GAD-7 and Conscientiousness / Agreeableness. In other words, our validation study demonstrated clear convergent and divergent validity.
In summary, the clinical qualifications on Connect demonstrate substantial validity, presenting an invaluable tool for clinical researchers.